18th Annual Workplace Class Action Report - 2022 Edition

vi Annual Workplace Class Action Litigation Report: 2022 Edition concerning the locations where employees work, the employees’ supervisors, their employment histories, the policies and practices according to which they perform work and are paid, and the distinct defenses that may require individualized analyses. Opt-In/Opt-Out Procedures Certification procedures are different under Rule 23 and 29 U.S.C. § 216(b). Under Rule 23(b)(2), a court’s order binds the class; under Rule 23(b)(3), however, a class member must opt-out of the class action (after receiving a class action notice). If he or she does not do so, they are bound by the judgment. Conversely, under § 216(b), a class member must opt-in to the lawsuit before he or she will be bound. While at or near 100% of class members are effectively bound by a Rule 23 order, opt-in rates in most § 216(b) collective actions typically range from 5% to 40%.